Poison hemlock
Conium maculatum
Poisonous to people & animalsStart with the kind of problem you need to prevent. These are selected routes into the guide, not a universal severity ranking. Read each profile for the affected animal group and evidence limits. For suspected exposure, use the safety guide.
State-list labels describe management requirements, separately from these hazards. What Lists A, B and C mean.
Plants with serious poisoning warnings. Affected species and evidence strength differ; use the individual profile before drawing conclusions about a person or animal.
Conium maculatum
Poisonous to people & animalsCicuta douglasii
Potentially fatal poisoning; wetland look-alike dangerDatura stramonium
Serious poisoning risk to people and animalsHyoscyamus niger
Highly poisonous; keep animals awayToxicoscordion venenosum
Potentially fatal ingestion; onion-like bulbsPeganum harmala
Highly poisonous if eaten; deep-rooted invaderSolanum dulcamara
Poisonous berries and foliageAsclepias subverticillata
High livestock toxicityApocynum cannabinum
Cardiac-glycoside poisoning hazard for people and animalsSolanum elaeagnifolium
Toxic leaves and berries; persistent spreading rootsRanunculus acris
Fresh plant irritation and animal poisoning hazardSecurigera varia
Toxic to horses; spreading roots can smother vegetationA route to awns, burs, sharp points and irritating plant contact, including poison-ivy oil carried on fur.
Hordeum jubatum
Barbed seed awns injure animalsTribulus terrestris
Sharp burs · Animal injuryArctium minus
Burs and fine bristles injure animalsXanthium strumarium
Burs catch in fur; seedlings and seeds are hazardousEuphorbia myrsinites
Poisonous · Eye & skin injuryEuphorbia cyparissias
Sap can injure skin and eyesToxicodendron rydbergii
Skin-rash oil can travel on pet furSolanum rostratum
Sharp spines; toxic to livestockPastinaca sativa
Sap plus sunlight can cause severe skin burnsUrtica dioica
Stinging hairs; this profile covers a taxonomic complexEuphorbia maculata
Milky sap can injure skin and eyes; keep pets from chewingEuphorbia marginata
Latex can damage skin and eyes; toxic if eatenOpuntia polyacantha
Sharp spines around paws, mouths and eyesGalium aparine
Hooked hairs and burrs cling to fur and clothingFor landowners and animal keepers: forage poisoning and injury deserve their own review. Livestock findings are not pet exposure limits.
Delphinium barbeyi
Serious livestock and pet poisoning hazardDelphinium nuttallianum
Serious livestock and pet poisoning hazardHalogeton glomeratus
Severe oxalate poisoning in livestockSorghum halepense
Livestock cyanide risk; added fire fuelJacobaea vulgaris
Poisonous to livestock; harmful alkaloidsRhaponticum repens
Toxic to horsesCentaurea solstitialis
Severe horse poisoning; sharp spinesCynoglossum officinale
Toxic to livestockOxytropis sericea
Toxic to livestockBassia scoparia
Tumbling seed spread; livestock poisoning riskAmaranthus retroflexus
Crop competition; nitrate and oxalate livestock riskHypericum perforatum
Photosensitivity and animal exposure concernsGutierrezia sarothrae
Livestock poisoning and abortion risk when heavily eatenSarcobatus vermiculatus
Oxalate poisoning can be fatal to livestockMelilotus officinalis
Moldy sweetclover hay can cause dangerous bleedingMelilotus albus
Moldy sweetclover hay can cause dangerous bleedingSecurigera varia
Toxic to horses; spreading roots can smother vegetationRead the profiles for the evidence about dry vegetation, tumbling plants and effects on land management.
Bromus tectorum
Grass awns · Fire hazardTaeniatherum caput-medusae
Barbed awns; persistent fire-promoting thatchVentenata dubia
Displaces forage and native grasslandSalsola tragus
Prickly tumbleweeds; livestock and fire hazardsSisymbrium altissimum
Another tumbleweed: brittle plants scatter persistent seedPlants whose spread or persistence can make restoration and routine garden management difficult. Methods depend on the site and confirmed identity.
Convolvulus arvensis
Smothers plants; livestock concernCirsium arvense
Sharp spines; competes with vegetationEuphorbia esula
Irritating sap; eye injury riskReynoutria japonica
Root and stem fragments regrowReynoutria × bohemica
Hybrid regrows from small fragmentsLepidium latifolium
Deep roots form persistent wetland coloniesAilanthus altissima
Root suckers form persistent thicketsElaeagnus angustifolia
Thorns; riparian habitat concernTamarix ramosissima
Alters riparian vegetationCyperus esculentus
Underground tubers sustain infestationsElymus repens
Rhizome fragments regrow in lawns and gardensArundo donax
Dense stands displace riparian plantsErigeron canadensis
Fast windborne spread; some populations resist herbicidesSolanum elaeagnifolium
Toxic leaves and berries; persistent spreading rootsSecurigera varia
Toxic to horses; spreading roots can smother vegetationUse the individual accounts to understand spread and identification before moving plants, water or equipment from an affected site.
Hydrilla verticillata
Dense aquatic growth; wildlife disease associationSalvinia molesta
Floating mats harm aquatic habitatMyriophyllum spicatum
Fragments spread dense aquatic growthMyriophyllum aquaticum
Aquatic mats obstruct waterwaysButomus umbellatus
Small fragments spread aquatic coloniesLythrum salicaria
Crowds out wetland vegetationIris pseudacorus
Ingestion concern; invasive wetland coloniesRagweed profiles separate documented allergy concerns from species-specific questions still under research. This is not a local pollen forecast.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Pollen allergy; skin irritationAmbrosia trifida
Allergenic pollen and strong competition in disturbed groundAmbrosia psilostachya
A persistent perennial ragweed; allergy detail still under reviewAll List A — Eradicate entries are included in the coverage checklist. Statewide eradication requirements make these reporting priorities even where a plant is not yet widespread. CO-rules-2025.
Markdown: https://denson.github.io/colorado-weed-field-guide/biggest-concerns/index.md
Text fallback: https://denson.github.io/colorado-weed-field-guide/biggest-concerns/index.md.txt
Start here: https://denson.github.io/colorado-weed-field-guide/start.md
Source ledger: https://denson.github.io/colorado-weed-field-guide/provenance.json